The improvement of rice varieties Sang Yod Phatthalung to become non-photoperiod
sensitive, semi-dwarf, aromatic, red, non-glutinous/glutinous and high nutritional value was
conducted through backcrossing using hd1 hd2 hd4 hd5 sd1 fgr wx and SSIIa markers.
Moreover, 17 rice lines subjected to molecular marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB) showed
non-glutinous/glutinous, semi-dwarf, early flowering and aromatic rice that can grow throughout
the year. For the year 2020 budget, 10 rice lines of Sang Yod Phatthalung with non-photoperiod
sensitive, semi-dwarf, aromatic, red and non-glutinous characteristics were compared with check
rice varieties such as Tabtimchumpare, Riceberry and Sang Yod Phatthalung. 7 rice lines of Sang
Yod Phatthalung non-photoperiod sensitive, semi-dwarf, aromatic, red and glutinous were
compared with check varieties such as San-pah-tawng 1 and RD-Maejo 2. The experiment were
studied in rainy season in 2018 and dry season in 2019 by Randomized Complete Block Design
(RCBD) for 4 repetitions. The mean of product was analyzed by Duncan’s new Multiple Range
Test (DMRT) showed significant difference between rainy season in 2018 and dry season in 2019
when p<0.01. Non-photoperiod sensitive, semi-dwarf, aromatic, red and non-glutinous showed
high product of 644 and 632 kg/rai, respectively. The result of non-photoperiod sensitive,
semi-dwarf, aromatic, red and glutinous revealed that it is significantly higher than
Sang Yod Phatthalung (545 kg/rai) but not significant with Tabtimchumpare (575 kg/rai) and
Riceberry (566 and 771 kg/rai, respectively). Mean of width, length and thickness of paddy rice
were (10.00, 9.57), (2.17, 2.02) and (1.78, 1.73) mm, respectively. Also, the mean of width,
length and thickness of brown rice were ( 6. 78, 6. 38) , ( 1. 82,1. 71) and ( 1. 58, 1. 54) mm,
respectively. The presence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) was at 1.89 ppm. Moreover, the level of
blast disease resistant was moderately resistant (MR) . The level of bacterial leaf blight disease
and brown plant hopper (BPH) resistant were moderately susceptible (MS) to highly susceptible
(HS). The product of Sang Yod Phatthalung with non-photoperiod sensitive, semi-dwarf,
aromatic, red and non-glutinous in rainy season and dry season were high to 587 and 961 kg/rai,respectively. Result showed significant difference with RD-Maejo 2 in rainy season but not
significant in dry season (579 and 496 kg/rai, respectively). San-pah-tawng 1 were not
significantly different in rainy season but significant in dry season (681 and 1,013 kg/rai,
respectively). Mean of width, length and thickness of paddy rice were (10.35, 9.97), (2.08, 1.99)
and (1.72, 1.70) mm, respectively. The mean of width, length and thickness of brown rice were
(6.91, 6.54), (1.71, 1.67) and (1.53, 1.50) mm, respectively. The presence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline
( 2AP) was at 3. 13 ppm. The level of blast disease resistant was resistant (R) to modereate
susceptible (MS). Meanwhile, the level of bacterial leaf blight disease and BPH resistant were
moderately susceptible (MS) to highly susceptible (HS).