Disease outbreaks are an important problem in aquaculture industry, since they cause serious damage in animal stocks. Farmers have to apply antibiotics and chemicals, but these practices lead to the accumulation of residues in food products, as well as in environment. Herbs have been considered as an important alternative to antibiotics and chemicals. This can reduce the health-safety risks for farmers and consumers and are environmentally friendly. This research investigated for efficacy of Thai herb extracts product in granule and liquid form. Applied Thai herbs product were mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.), candle bush (Cassia alata Linn.), and bitter bush (Chromolaena odoratum) against 3 fugal pathogens; i.e. Aphanomyces invadans, Achlya bisexualis, and Lagenidium thermophilum. For the physical properties of mangosteen, candle bush and bitter bush products were significantly different in the color of the product according to the age and storage temperature and the comparison test of the characteristics of Thai herb extract products between granule and liquid form that stored for a period of time and each temperature. It was found that Thai herb extract products in granule form could maintain important substances better than liquid form by HPLC analysis, but except of bitter bush products was no significantly different. For the biological activity test of mangosteen, candle bush and bitter bush products, which were stored at different temperatures (uncontrolled, 25, 4 and -20 0C) and stored for a period of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. By testing the effectiveness against 3 species of fungi, it was found that all extract products in granule form were stored for 12 months that can inhibit Aphanomyces invadans, Achlya bisexualis and Lagenidium thermophilum. For the liquid form is effective in inhibiting infection by a period of only 6 months. For fungistatic effect of mycelium stage of Aphanomyces invadans, Achlya bisexualis and Lagenidium thermophilum by agar plate dilution of all extract products. It results that Thai herb extract products showed fungistatic activity against mycelium 3 fungi into 3 group i.e. (1) mangosteen product in granule form found that MIC at concentration of 125, 125 and 500 ppm, respectively, and the liquid form found that MIC at concentration of 250, 250 and 500 ppm, respectively, (2) candle bush product in granule and liquid form found that MIC at concentration of 500 ppm, (3) bitter bush product in granule form found that MIC at concentration of 125, 250 and 500 ppm, respectively, and the liquid form found that MIC at concentration of 500 ppm and the fungicidal effect of mycelium stage was exposure with all extract products. It results that Thai herb extract products showed fungicidal activity against mycelium 3 fungi into 3 group i.e. (1)mangosteen product in granule form was at concentration of 250 ppm for 6 h, 250 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 12 h, respectively, and the liquid form was 250 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 6 h and 500 ppm for 24 h, respectively, (2) candle bush product in granule form was at concentration of 500 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 12 h, respectively, and the liquid form was 500 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 24 h, respectively, (3) bitter bush product in granule and liquid form were at concentration of 500 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 24 h, respectively, and the fungicidal effect of zoospores stage was exposure with all extract products. It results that Thai herb extract products showed fungicidal activity against mycelium 3 fungi into 3 group i.e. (1) mangosteen product in granule form was at concentration of 250 ppm for 24 h, 250 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 12 h, respectively, and the liquid form was 500 ppm for 6 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 24 h, respectively, (2) candle bush product in granule form was at concentration of 500 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 12 h, respectively, and the liquid form was 500 ppm for 24 h, (3) bitter bush product in granule form was at concentration of 500 ppm for 12 h, 500 ppm for 24 h and 500 ppm for 24 h, respectively and the liquid form was at concentration of 500 ppm for 12 h, 1000 ppm for 12 h and 1000 ppm for 12 h, respectively.
The efficacy of Thai herb extract products against fungal infection in tilapia eggs (Oreochromic niloticus eggs). It revealed that Thai herb extract products were mangosteen, candle bush and bitter bush at concentration of 125, 250 and 250 ppm can prevent both water mold. The efficacy of candle bush extract product was the best in preventing against A. bisexualis and A. invadans.