Protein extraction techniques on longan stem (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Daw) had been
used for analysis of protein patterns to study protein expression in proteomic analysis by Maejo
University farm using one dimensional electrophoresis (1-D gel) in reducing and non-reducing.
Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique was done after three different
extraction methods. M1, M2 and M3 were finished. The first and second protein extraction, M1 and
M2, had no protein expression. The third, M3 presented 2 proteins in expression which were
unknown protein 3 (11.58 KDa) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like 9 (61.35 KDa). M3 was a suitable
method because of the highest protein bands and obvious protein expression on longan stem were
found. Proteomic analysis with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-gel) of longan stem from
M3 protein extraction represented 13 proteins on expression in various biochemical processes.
Proteomic analysis on stem had been used in analysis of protein patterns to study protein
expression by comparison with growth stages after grafting (10, 20, 30, and 40 days, respectively)
between Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Daw, Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Biew kiew, Litchi
chinensis cv. Chakrapad and Litchi chinensis cv. Kaloke using 1-D gel in non-reducing with mass
spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. The result represented that 2 proteins on expression were unknown
protein 3 (11.58 KDa) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like 9 (61.35 KDa) at the initial stage to 10 days
after grafting and after that these protein were disappeared until callus induction only at the condition
of the Daw’s longan rootstock with Biew kiew’s longan scion. Proteomic analysis with twodimensional
gel electrophoresis (2D-gel) of Dimocarpus longa Lour. cv. Daw (stock) with
Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Biew kiew (scion), Litchi chinensis cv. Chakrapad (stock) with Litchi
chinensis cv. Kaloke (scion) and Litchi chinensis cv. Chakrapad (stock) with Dimocarpus longan
Lour. cv. Biew kiew (scion) in 40 days after grafting represented 9 proteins on expression as
biomarkers in grafting. These proteins were related to the various biochemical processes. The results
showed that proteins involved on energy generation (Putative cytochrome c oxidase subunit II PS17and CBS domain-containing protein CBSX3, mitochondrial), plant protection (The F-box/LRR-repeat
protein At5g35995 and Putative defensin-like protein 190 defensin), waste elimination in plant cells
(The Chaperone protein ClpD, chloroplastic), intracellular signaling in stem (The Putative FBDassociated
F-box protein At5g38570), plant-specific transport vesicle compartment (The Myosinbinding
protein 3) and sugar synthesis (The Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET8 and Oxygenevolving
enhancer protein 1-1, chloroplastic). These proteins could be used for the development of
longan stem. However, advanced technique will be used for proteomics analysis in further.