This research aimed to measure the efficiency of swine effluent treatment by vertical up-flow constructed wetland using economic aquatic plants. Three preferable plants were applied: Thalia dealbata, Cyperus alternifolius L. and Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. In the first experiment, the aquatic plants were cultivated by the effluent from anaerobically treated swine wastewater at the concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100% (v/v) dilution. Results showed that all plants could tolerate and grow at high effluent concentrations, especially at the 100% (v/v) concentration. In the second experiment, growth and wastewater removal efficiency were compared among constructed wetland systems with different plants. The results indicated that T. dealbata had the highest removal efficiency in terms of improved COD and phosphorus content. In contrast, E. cordifolius (L.) Griseb was the most effective in BOD, SS, and phosphorus levels. It was found that at higher organic loading rate, due to shorter hydraulic retention time, the removal efficiency was slightly reduced. After 3 months of the experiments, T. dealbata, C. alternifolius L. and E. cordifolius (L.) Griseb yielded biomass of 28, 39 and 72 units/m2, respectively. The economic aquatic plants are suited for the constructed wetland to economically improve the swine wastewater quality.